STN 袖珍指南

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CAS STNext	访问 CAS STNext。输入您的 STNext 登录 ID 和密码。

进入数据库

在箭头提示符 (=>) 处，使用 FILE 命令指定数据库或集群：

如需 STN 数据库列表，请输入 HELP FILE NAMES。
如需 STN 数据库集群列表，请输入 HELP CLUSTER NAMES。

进入	使用 FILE 命令后接	示例
单一数据库	数据库名称	FILE BIOSIS
多个数据库	以空格或逗号分隔的数据库名称	FILE BIOSIS MEDLINE EMBASE
预定义数据库集群	集群名称：若要添加数据库，请将其包含在集群名称之后。若要移除数据库，请使用减号 (-)。	FILE POLYMERS FILE PATENTS HCA -CA

基本命令

STN 提供两种版本的命令语言：

新手模式（至少输入命令的前四个字母）：系统会提示您输入处理该命令所需的所有信息。
专家模式（输入命令的前三个字母，有时仅需第一个字母）：系统不会提示您输入额外信息，因此您应提供所有非默认选项的信息。

Command	Function	Example
FILE FIL	Enter a database or cluster to search or display records.	FILE REGISTRY FIL TOXICOLOGY
EXPAND E EXPAND BACK E BACK	Look at the index around a term; 12 terms are shown by default. To continue down the same index, enter E at the next arrow prompt. To expand in the reverse direction, enter E BACK followed by a term.	E YATES C/AU E YATES, C/AU E BACK METHYL
SEARCH S	Perform a search. If AUTOSEARCH is set to ON, the SEARCH command is assumed.	S MOTORIST ACID RAIN
DISPLAY D	Display answers. Nonconsecutive answer numbers must be separated by commas or spaces.	D1-10,15,21 D L6 1 TI AB
PRINT	Print answers by delivering them to an email address. You are prompted for all information.	PRINT
LOGOFF LOG Y	End the session.	LOGOFF LOG Y
LOGOFF HOLD LOG H	End the session and hold your entire search session for 120 minutes at no charge.	LOGOFF HOLD LOG H

堆叠命令

若要同时输入多个命令，请用分号分隔。

‍=> S GRAVITY OR GRAVITATION; D TI

截词和字符掩码符号

使用以下符号来增加检索词的灵活性。

Symbol	Definition	Example	Retrieves
?	Any number of characters to the right of the term Used only once in a term, usually at the end	ALUM?	ALUM ALUMINA ALUMINUM, etc.
!	Exactly one character at the designated position Can be used multiple times in a term Used anywhere except at the beginning of a term	THERMOLYS!S	THERMOLYSIS THERMOLYSES
#	One or zero characters at the designated position Can be used multiple times in a term Used at the end of the term only	CASEIN###	CASEIN CASEINS CASEINATE, etc.

部分数据库的某些字段支持左截词或同时进行左右截词。更多信息请查看 STN 数据库摘要表。

布尔运算符

使用布尔运算符组合检索词。

Operator	Function	Example
AND	Answers must include both terms	S ACID AND RAIN
NOT	Answers must include the first term and may not include the second term	S BLOOD NOT PLASMA
OR	Answers must include at least one term	S (FIBER or FIBRE) S (L1, L3, L5) S (E1-3, E7)

说明：

布尔运算符周围必须有空格。
请务必在由 OR 运算符组合的词组表达式周围加上括号。
逗号 (,) 或连字符 (-) 可用于代替 L-number 或 E-number 检索词的 OR 运算符。逗号或连字符前后不允许有空格。

数值运算符

使用以下运算符来指定数值和范围。

运算符	功能	示例
/ 或 =	检索单个值。	S 20060400/UP
-	检索数值范围。	S 3-5/FE
<	检索小于特定值的值。	S PY<1967
>	检索大于特定值的值。	S ED>20060211
>= 或 =>	检索大于特定值的值。	S FW>=600
<= 或 =<	检索小于或等于特定值的值。	S PD<=19980100

注意：

数值运算符仅可用于包含数值数据的字段。
如有需要，可在数值运算符周围添加空格。

邻近运算符

使用下方的运算符来指定检索词之间或之中的邻近度。

Operator	Function	Example
(W) or space	Terms must be adjacent and in the order specified.	S NUCLEAR(W)REACTOR S ACID RAIN
(nW)	Terms must be adjacent and in the order specified with n or fewer intervening terms.	S OIL(1W)WATER
(xW)	Terms must appear in the order specified with any number of intervening terms.	S NITRO(XW)PHENYL
(A)	Terms must be adjacent but in any order.	S SHALE(A)OIL
(nA)	Terms must be adjacent but in any order with n or fewer intervening terms.	S TOXICITY(2A)FISH
(xA)	Terms may appear in any order with any number of intervening terms.	S CHLORO(XA)METHYL
(T)	Terms must be in the same word but in any order. Correct truncation is necessary.	S ?BIO?(T)?REACTOR?
(nT)	Terms can be in the same term or in the n-th adjacent but in any order.	S ?BIO?(3T)?REACTOR?
(S)	Terms must occur within the same "sentence" or subfield.	S PLANET(S)DISTANCE
(nS)	Terms must occur n or fewer "sentences" or subfields apart.	S NITROGEN(3S)PUMP
(P)	Terms must occur within the same "paragraph".	S ANION(P)CHROMATOG?
(L)	Terms must occur in same information unit.	S 10024-97-2(L)DENTAL

注意：

所有邻近运算符均需同时包含运算符字母和括号。
如有需要，可在邻近运算符周围添加空格。
在基本索引及其他具有独立索引词的字段中，空格可用于代替 (W)，例如 S ACID RAIN。
如需了解运算符在特定数据库中的工作方式，请在数据库内输入 HELP，后跟括号内的运算符，例如 HELP (X)。

运算符的应用顺序

每个检索语句均从左至右进行处理，并根据组合检索词的运算符按以下顺序执行。

括号内的术语
与数值运算符（=, <, >, >=, <=, -）结合的术语
使用 (W) 或 (A) 组合的术语
使用 (S) 组合的术语
使用 (P) 组合的术语
使用 (L) 组合的术语
使用 AND 或 NOT 组合的术语
使用 OR 组合的术语（不在括号内）

显示费用

使用以下命令查看费用信息。

Command	Function	Notes
FILE and LOGOFF	Display the full estimated cost of your current session.	Cost displays automatically after these commands are entered. To turn off the automatic display, enter SET COST OFF.
D COST	View the breakdown of costs for the current session.	Enter HELP SET COST for information on options for the cost display: ON, BRIEF, and FULL.
SET ACCOUNT*	Control how your costs are listed on your monthly invoice.	Enter HELP SET ACCOUNT for more information.

*Example:
=> SET ACCOUNT
ENTER COST CENTER (NONE):RESEARCH LAB
COST CENTER SETTING WILL TAKE EFFECT WITH THE NEXT SUCCESSFUL FILE COMMAND
SET COMMAND COMPLETED

系统限制

输入 HELP LIMITS 以获取有关系统限制的最新信息。如果在收到错误或系统限制消息后需要帮助，请在下一个箭头提示符处输入 HELP（或 ?）。

类型	限制	操作方法
在线会话中的 L-编号数量	999	保存查询和/或检索结果集。使用 DELETE HISTORY 删除任意或所有 L-编号。
每个在线会话中每个数据库的检索结果总数	8,000,000	根据需要保存查询和/或检索结果集。输入 DELETE HISTORY 以删除 L-编号。
检索语句中的字符总数	20,000	将检索拆分为更小的检索语句。
已保存答案集中的答案总数	400,000	删除任何不需要的已保存答案集。
已保存答案集的总数	200	删除任何不需要的已保存答案集。
已保存检索式的总数	800	删除任何不需要的已保存检索式。
已保存 L 号列表的总数	100	删除任何不需要的已保存列表。

在线帮助

使用 HELP（或 ?）命令查看系统和特定数据库的信息。

命令	主题	使用
帮助信息	如何使用 STN 上提供的各种命令和功能	在任何箭头提示符下
帮助文件名称	STN 上可用的数据库	在任何箭头提示符下
NEWS FILE	关于特定数据库最后更新时间的信息	在特定数据库中
HELP DIRECTORY	数据库特定的帮助信息	在特定数据库中
HELP CONTENT	数据库的收录范围与内容	在特定数据库中
HELP COST	数据库检索费用	在特定数据库中
HELP SFIELDS	数据库中的检索字段	在特定数据库中
HELP DFIELDS	数据库中的显示字段	在特定数据库中
HELP FORMAT	数据库中的固定显示格式	在特定数据库中
HELP PRINT	命令说明，例如 PRINT 命令	在任何箭头提示符下
HELP COMMANDS	数据库内可用命令列表	在特定数据库中

此外，当您收到 STN 的消息时，可在提示符处输入 ? 以获取进一步说明。

其他命令

使用这些命令可实现更多功能。

Command	Function	Example
ACTIVATE ACT	Recall saved queries (/Q), saved answer sets (/A), and saved L-number lists (/L) for use in the current sessions.	ACT CONTRACT/Q ACT NMR/A
ANALYZE ANA	Extract terms from display fields in an answer set for statistical analysis. For a list of fields that may be used, enter HELP EFIELDS in the database.	ANA L1 PA 1-
ARCHIVE	Purchase the right to store STN search results for up to n users within your worldwide organization.	ARCHIVE 100 10 ARC 100 10
DELETE DEL	Delete saved items or items in the current session. To delete all L-numbers in an online session, enter DELETE HISTORY.	DEL L1
DISPLAY BROWSE	Browse through an answer set. You can view consecutive answers, nonconsecutive answers, change formats, and view additional answers without reentering the DISPLAY command.	DISPLAY BROWSE L4 D BRO
DISPLAY COST D COST	Display the estimated cost of your session. Options are ON, BRIEF, and FULL.	D COST D COST FULL
DISPLAY HISTORY D HISTORY	Display the session history: summary of the databases entered, commands that have been used, and the information associated with them.	D HISTORY D HIS L1-L10 D HIS L#
DISPLAY SAVED D SAVED	Display the session history: summary of the databases entered, commands that have been used, and the information associated with them.	D SAVED D SAVED/A
DUPLICATE	Remove or identify duplicate records from one or more answer sets.	DUPLICATE REM L5 DUP IDE L1 L2
FOCUS FOC	Sort answers in relevance order.	FOCUS L1
HELP ?	Request online help. Enter HELP and a command name for information about how to use a specific command. Enter HELP MESSAGES for a list of all online help messages available.	HELP PRINT HELP MESSAGE
INDEX IND	Access STNindex and identify the databases to be searched.	INDEX ALLBIB IND CA SCISEARCH
NEWS NEW	Display current news headlines on STN. To see one of the news items, enter NEWS followed by the number or name of the news item.	NEWS NEWS 10 NEWS FILE
REDISTRIBUTE	Purchase the right to redistribute STN search results for up to n users within your worldwide organization.	REDISTRIBUTE 250 5 RED 250 5
SAVE SAV SAVE ALL	Save an L-numbered query, answer set, or L-number list in your long-term storage. A monthly fee is charged for saved items. You must enter an L-number and a name ending in /Q for a query, /A for an answer set, or /L for an L-number list.	SAVE L15 COMPUTER/Q SAV L1 TOX/A SAVE ALL C13/L
SAVE TEMP SAV TEMP	Save an L-numbered query, answer set, or L-number list on a temporary basis. You must assign a name that ends with /Q for query, /A for an answer set, or /L for an L-number list.	SAV TEMP L5 NMR/A
SCREEN SCR	Define a screen number for searching. This command is available only in some structure-searchable databases.	SCREEN 2043
ALERT or SDI	Request that searches be run automatically by STN at database updates. In databases that have SDI service, additional prompts appear.	ALERT SDI
SELECT	Extract terms from display fields that can then be used as search terms. For a list of fields that may be used, enter HELP EFIELDS in the database.	SELECT L1 1-5 RN
SET	Set various terminal parameters and options. Enter HELP SET for a list of all the SET options.	SET STEPS ON SET COST OFF PERM
SORT SOR	Sort answers by field codes.	SORT L2 CS AU
TABULATE TAB	Correlate analyzed terms from two fields.	TAB L2 CS PY
TRANSFER TRA	Extract terms from display fields in an answer set for searching.	TRA L1 PN 1-

更多信息：

输入 HELP，后跟命令名称，例如：HELP ANALYZE。

命令	资源
ANALYZE 和 TABULATE	用于统计分析的 ANALYZE 和 TABULATE 命令
ARCHIVE 和 REDISTRIBUTE	STN 信息保存与共享计划℠
ALERT (SDI)	定题服务用户指南
INDEX	用于评估数据库和检索的 INDEX 命令
TRANSFER	用于跨库检索的 TRANSFER 命令

注销

请使用以下任一命令从 STN 注销。

Command	Function	Example
LOGOFF	End a session and be prompted whether to delete all queries and answer sets.	=> LOGOFF ALL L# QUERIES AND ANSWER SETS ARE DELETED AT LOGOFF LOGOFF? (Y)/N/HOLD:Y STN INTERNATIONAL LOGOFF AT 15:32:50 ON 03 APR 2006
LOG Y	End a session. All queries and answer sets are automatically deleted.	=> LOG Y STN INTERNATIONAL LOGOFF AT 15:32:50 ON 03 APR 2006
LOGOFF HOLD LOG H	Hold your entire session for up to 120 minutes at no charge. To restart your session, log on as you normally would.	=> LOG H SESSION WILL BE HELD FOR 120 MINUTES STN INTERNATIONAL SESSION SUSPENDED AT 15:31:53 ON 03 APR 2010

如果您不注销，系统将继续收取连接时长费用。若 40 分钟内无任何操作，系统将自动断开连接。