STN 袖珍指南

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界面登录
CAS STNext访问 CAS STNext。输入您的 STNext 登录 ID 和密码。

输入数据库

在箭头提示符 (=>) 后,使用 FILE 命令指定数据库或集群:

  • 如需获取 STN 数据库列表,请输入 HELP FILE NAMES。
  • 如需获取 STN 数据库集群列表,请输入 HELP CLUSTER NAMES。
输入方式FILE 后接示例
单个数据库数据库名称FILE BIOSIS
多个数据库以空格或逗号分隔的数据库名称FILE BIOSIS MEDLINE EMBASE
预定义数据库集群集群名称:若要添加数据库,请将其包含在集群名称之后。若要移除数据库,请使用减号 (-)。

FILE POLYMERS

FILE PATENTS HCA -CA

基本命令

STN 提供两种版本的命令语言:

  • 新手模式(至少输入命令的前四个字母):系统会提示您输入处理该命令所需的所有信息。
  • 专家模式(输入命令的前三个字母,有时仅需第一个字母):系统不会提示您输入额外信息,因此您需要提供所有非默认选项的信息。
Command Function Example
FILE
FIL
Enter a database or cluster to search or display records. FILE REGISTRY
FIL TOXICOLOGY
EXPAND
E
EXPAND BACK
E BACK
Look at the index around a term; 12 terms are shown by default. To continue down the same index, enter E at the next arrow prompt. To expand in the reverse direction, enter E BACK followed by a term. E YATES C/AU
E YATES, C/AU
E BACK
METHYL
SEARCH
S
Perform a search. If AUTOSEARCH is set to ON, the SEARCH command is assumed. S MOTORIST
ACID RAIN
DISPLAY
D
Display answers. Nonconsecutive answer numbers must be separated by commas or spaces. D1-10,15,21
D L6 1 TI AB
PRINT Print answers by delivering them to an email address. You are prompted for all information. PRINT
LOGOFF
LOG Y
End the session. LOGOFF
LOG Y
LOGOFF HOLD
LOG H
End the session and hold your entire search session for 120 minutes at no charge. LOGOFF HOLD
LOG H

命令堆叠

若要同时输入多个命令,请使用分号将命令隔开。

‍=> S GRAVITY OR GRAVITATION; D TI

截词和字符掩码符号

使用下方的符号来增加检索词的灵活性。

Symbol Definition Example Retrieves
?
  • Any number of characters to the right of the term
  • Used only once in a term, usually at the end
ALUM? ALUM
ALUMINA
ALUMINUM, etc.
!
  • Exactly one character at the designated position
  • Can be used multiple times in a term
  • Used anywhere except at the beginning of a term
THERMOLYS!S THERMOLYSIS
THERMOLYSES
#
  • One or zero characters at the designated position
  • Can be used multiple times in a term
  • Used at the end of the term only
CASEIN### CASEIN
CASEINS
CASEINATE, etc.

部分数据库的某些字段支持左截词或左右同时截词。更多信息请参阅 STN 数据库摘要表。

布尔运算符

使用布尔运算符来组合检索词。

Operator Function Example
AND Answers must include both terms S ACID AND RAIN
NOT Answers must include the first term
and may not include the second term
S BLOOD NOT PLASMA
OR Answers must include at least one term S (FIBER or FIBRE)
S (L1, L3, L5)
S (E1-3, E7)

注意:

  • 布尔运算符前后必须留有空格。
  • 使用 OR 运算符组合检索词时,请务必在表达式外加上括号。
  • 在 L-number 或 E-number 检索词中,可以使用逗号 (,) 或连字符 (-) 代替 OR 运算符。逗号或连字符前后不得有空格。

数值运算符

请使用下方的运算符来指定数值和范围。

运算符功能示例
/ 或 =搜索单个值。S 20060400/UP
-搜索数值范围。S 3-5/FE
<搜索小于特定值的内容。S PY<1967
>搜索大于特定值的内容。S ED>20060211
>= 或 =>搜索大于特定值的内容。S FW>=600
<= 或 =<搜索小于或等于特定值的内容。S PD<=19980100

注意:

  • 数值运算符仅可用于包含数值数据的字段。
  • 如有需要,可在数值运算符周围添加空格。

邻近运算符

使用下方的运算符来指定检索词之间的邻近关系。

Operator Function Example
(W) or space Terms must be adjacent and in the order specified. S NUCLEAR(W)REACTOR
S ACID RAIN
(nW) Terms must be adjacent and in the order specified with n or fewer intervening terms. S OIL(1W)WATER
(xW) Terms must appear in the order specified with any number of intervening terms. S NITRO(XW)PHENYL
(A) Terms must be adjacent but in any order. S SHALE(A)OIL
(nA) Terms must be adjacent but in any order with n or fewer intervening terms. S TOXICITY(2A)FISH
(xA) Terms may appear in any order with any number of intervening terms. S CHLORO(XA)METHYL
(T) Terms must be in the same word but in any order. Correct truncation is necessary. S ?BIO?(T)?REACTOR?
(nT) Terms can be in the same term or in the n-th adjacent but in any order. S ?BIO?(3T)?REACTOR?
(S) Terms must occur within the same "sentence" or subfield. S PLANET(S)DISTANCE
(nS) Terms must occur n or fewer "sentences" or subfields apart. S NITROGEN(3S)PUMP
(P) Terms must occur within the same "paragraph". S ANION(P)CHROMATOG?
(L) Terms must occur in same information unit. S 10024-97-2(L)DENTAL

注意:

  • 所有邻近运算符均必须包含运算符字母及括号。
  • 如有需要,可在邻近运算符周围添加空格。
  • 在基本索引及其他包含独立索引词的字段中,空格可代替 (W) 使用,例如 S ACID RAIN。
  • 如需了解运算符在特定数据库中的工作方式,请在该数据库中输入 HELP,后跟括号内的运算符,例如 HELP (X)。

运算符的执行顺序

每个检索式均按照从左至右的顺序进行处理,具体顺序取决于连接检索词的运算符。

  1. 括号内的词项
  2. 使用数值运算符(=, <, >, >=, <=, -)连接的词项
  3. 使用 (W) 或 (A) 连接的词项
  4. 使用 (S) 连接的词项
  5. 使用 (P) 连接的词项
  6. 使用 (L) 连接的词项
  7. 使用 AND 或 NOT 连接的词项
  8. 使用 OR 连接的词项(不在括号内)

显示费用

使用以下命令查看费用信息。

Command Function Notes
FILE and LOGOFF Display the full estimated cost of your current session. Cost displays automatically after these commands are entered. To turn off the automatic display, enter SET COST OFF.
D COST View the breakdown of costs for the current session. Enter HELP SET COST for information on options for the cost display: ON, BRIEF, and FULL.
SET ACCOUNT* Control how your costs are listed on your monthly invoice. Enter HELP SET ACCOUNT for more information.
*Example:
=> SET ACCOUNT
ENTER COST CENTER (NONE):RESEARCH LAB
COST CENTER SETTING WILL TAKE EFFECT WITH THE NEXT SUCCESSFUL FILE COMMAND
SET COMMAND COMPLETED

系统限制

输入 HELP LIMITS 以获取有关系统限制的最新信息。如果在收到错误或系统限制消息后需要帮助,请在下一个箭头提示符处输入 HELP(或 ?)。

类型限制操作指南
在线会话中的 L 编号数量999保存查询和/或答案集。使用 DELETE HISTORY 删除部分或全部 L 编号。
每个在线会话中每个数据库的答案总数8,000,000根据需要保存查询和/或答案集。输入 DELETE HISTORY 以删除 L 编号。
搜索语句中的字符总数20,000将搜索拆分为较小的搜索语句。
已保存答案集中的答案总数400,000删除任何不需要的已保存答案集。
已保存答案集的总数200删除任何不需要的已保存答案集。
已保存查询的总数800删除任何不需要的已保存查询。
已保存 L 号列表的总数100删除任何不需要的已保存列表。

在线帮助

使用 HELP(或 ?)命令查看系统和数据库特定的信息。

命令主题用途
帮助信息如何使用 STN 上提供的各种命令和功能在任何箭头提示符处
帮助文件名STN 上可用的数据库在任何箭头提示符处
新闻文件关于特定数据库上次更新时间的信息在特定数据库中
帮助目录特定数据库的帮助信息在特定数据库中
HELP CONTENT数据库的覆盖范围与内容在特定数据库中
HELP COST数据库搜索费用在特定数据库中
HELP SFIELDS搜索数据库中的字段在特定数据库中
HELP DFIELDS显示数据库中的字段在特定数据库中
HELP FORMAT数据库中的固定显示格式在特定数据库中
HELP PRINT命令说明,例如 PRINT 命令在任何箭头提示符处
帮助命令数据库内可用命令列表在特定数据库中

此外,当您收到 STN 的消息时,可在提示符处输入 ? 以获取进一步说明。

其他命令

使用这些命令可实现更多功能。

Command Function Example
ACTIVATE
ACT
Recall saved queries (/Q), saved answer sets (/A), and saved L-number lists (/L) for use in the current sessions. ACT CONTRACT/Q
ACT NMR/A
ANALYZE
ANA
Extract terms from display fields in an answer set for statistical analysis. For a list of fields that may be used, enter HELP EFIELDS in the database. ANA L1 PA 1-
ARCHIVE Purchase the right to store STN search results for up to n users within your worldwide organization. ARCHIVE 100 10
ARC 100 10
DELETE
DEL
Delete saved items or items in the current session. To delete all L-numbers in an online session, enter DELETE HISTORY. DEL L1
DISPLAY BROWSE Browse through an answer set. You can view consecutive answers, nonconsecutive answers, change formats, and view additional answers without reentering the DISPLAY command. DISPLAY BROWSE L4
D BRO
DISPLAY COST
D COST
Display the estimated cost of your session. Options are ON, BRIEF, and FULL. D COST
D COST FULL
DISPLAY HISTORY
D HISTORY
Display the session history: summary of the databases entered, commands that have been used, and the information associated with them. D HISTORY
D HIS L1-L10
D HIS L#
DISPLAY SAVED
D SAVED
Display the session history: summary of the databases entered, commands that have been used, and the information associated with them. D SAVED
D SAVED/A
DUPLICATE Remove or identify duplicate records from one or more answer sets. DUPLICATE REM L5
DUP IDE L1 L2
FOCUS
FOC
Sort answers in relevance order. FOCUS L1
HELP
?
Request online help. Enter HELP and a command name for information about how to use a specific command. Enter HELP MESSAGES for a list of all online help messages available. HELP PRINT
HELP MESSAGE
INDEX
IND
Access STNindex and identify the databases to be searched. INDEX ALLBIB
IND CA SCISEARCH
NEWS
NEW
Display current news headlines on STN. To see one of the news items, enter NEWS followed by the number or name of the news item. NEWS
NEWS 10
NEWS FILE
REDISTRIBUTE Purchase the right to redistribute STN search results for up to n users within your worldwide organization. REDISTRIBUTE 250 5
RED 250 5
SAVE
SAV
SAVE ALL
Save an L-numbered query, answer set, or L-number list in your long-term storage. A monthly fee is charged for saved items. You must enter an L-number and a name ending in /Q for a query, /A for an answer set, or /L for an L-number list. SAVE L15 COMPUTER/Q
SAV L1 TOX/A
SAVE ALL C13/L
SAVE TEMP
SAV TEMP
Save an L-numbered query, answer set, or L-number list on a temporary basis. You must assign a name that ends with /Q for query, /A for an answer set, or /L for an L-number list. SAV TEMP L5 NMR/A
SCREEN
SCR
Define a screen number for searching. This command is available only in some structure-searchable databases. SCREEN 2043
ALERT or SDI Request that searches be run automatically by STN at database updates. In databases that have SDI service, additional prompts appear. ALERT
SDI
SELECT Extract terms from display fields that can then be used as search terms. For a list of fields that may be used, enter HELP EFIELDS in the database. SELECT L1 1-5 RN
SET Set various terminal parameters and options. Enter HELP SET for a list of all the SET options. SET STEPS ON
SET COST OFF PERM
SORT
SOR
Sort answers by field codes. SORT L2 CS AU
TABULATE
TAB
Correlate analyzed terms from two fields. TAB L2 CS PY
TRANSFER
TRA
Extract terms from display fields in an answer set for searching. TRA L1 PN 1-

更多信息:

  • 输入 HELP 后接命令名称,例如 HELP ANALYZE。
命令资源
分析与制表用于统计分析的 ANALYZE 和 TABULATE 命令
归档与再分发STN 信息保存与共享计划℠
提醒 (SDI)当前动态用户指南
索引使用 INDEX 评估数据库与检索结果
传输用于跨库检索的 TRANSFER 功能

注销

请使用以下任一命令从 STN 注销。

Command Function Example
LOGOFF End a session and be prompted whether to delete all queries and answer sets. => LOGOFF

ALL L# QUERIES AND ANSWER SETS ARE DELETED AT LOGOFF

LOGOFF? (Y)/N/HOLD:Y

STN INTERNATIONAL LOGOFF AT 15:32:50 ON 03 APR 2006
LOG Y End a session. All queries and answer sets are automatically deleted. => LOG Y

STN INTERNATIONAL LOGOFF AT 15:32:50 ON 03 APR 2006
LOGOFF HOLD
LOG H
Hold your entire session for up to 120 minutes at no charge. To restart your session, log on as you normally would. => LOG H

SESSION WILL BE HELD FOR 120 MINUTES

STN INTERNATIONAL SESSION SUSPENDED AT 15:31:53 ON 03 APR 2010

若您未注销,系统将继续收取连接时长费用。若 40 分钟内无任何操作,系统将自动断开连接。